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Robert or sometimes Robert of Lewes (died 1166) was a medieval English Bishop of Bath. ==Life== Robert was a native of England, but his ancestry was Flemish,〔 probably of noble birth.〔Ramsey "Lewes, Robert of" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''〕 His birthdate and when he became a monk are not known.〔Ramsey "Robert of Lewes" ''Belief and Culture'' p. 251〕 He was a Cluniac〔Bartlett ''England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings'' pp. 400–401〕 and a monk of Lewes Priory and a protégé of Henry of Blois who employed him at Glastonbury Abbey on administrative tasks.〔〔Greenway ''(Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 7: Bath and Wells: Bishops )''〕 He may have been the prior of Winchester Cathedral but there is no certain evidence of this,〔 as it is based on an appearance of a "Robert, prior of Winchester" on the 1130 Pipe Roll, and a 15th-century historian.〔 He was named Bishop of Bath through the influence of Henry of Blois,〔〔Crouch ''Reign of King Stephen'' p. 46〕 and was consecrated probably in March 1136.〔Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' p. 228〕 Robert was instrumental in reorganizing his diocese as well as building and restoring at Wells. He was the bishop that organized the archdeacons of the diocese on a territorial basis.〔 He was considered pious as well as a man of business.〔Barlow ''English Church'' pp. 92–93〕 He also built at Bath, and gave borough status to the town of Wells.〔 He also reorganized the church at Wells, which had previously been the cathedral for the diocese prior to John of Tours moving the episcopal seat to Bath.〔Ramsey "Robert of Lewes" ''Belief and Culture'' pp. 252–253〕 In 1138, during Robert of Gloucester's rising against King Stephen of England, the bishop was in charge of the defenses of Bath. He captured Geoffrey Talbot, who was a supporter of Robert of Gloucester's, but when he went out to parley with another group of Gloucester's supporters, the bishop was captured even though he had been offered a safe conduct for the parley. The bishop was then exchanged for Geoffrey Talbot.〔Appleby ''Troubled Reign'' p. 50〕 In 1141 he was at the gathering where Henry of Blois changed allegiance to the Empress Matilda at Winchester.〔Davis ''King Stephen'' p. 52〕〔Appleby ''Troubled Reign'' p. 98〕 The bishop died 31 August 1166〔 and was buried in Bath Cathedral before the high altar.〔 He may have been the author of the ''Gesta Stephani'',〔〔Huscroft ''Ruling England'' p. 200〕〔Bartlett ''England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings'' p. 99〕 an identification first made by the historian R. H. C. Davis in 1962. While it is not certain that Robert was the author, the outlook of the work certainly fits with the known outlook of Robert.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert of Bath」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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